Compared to most other countries, the extent of social legislation in the United States is quite small. Nevertheless, such programs have generated considerable controversy. After the Great Society, few new or important programs were implemented. With the election of Ronald Reagan as president in 1980, the federal government began to attempt to cut welfare benefits, based on the theory that the problem of poverty can be better solved by promoting the growth of private industry and private sector jobs. In 1996, President Clinton, in collaboration with a Republican Congress, signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which changed the welfare system by increasing the work demands of recipients and limiting the time available for benefits. Title IV of the Act created the program known as The Caregiver Assistance (ADC), which provided appropriate federal funds to help states fund maternal assistance programs. In managing the program, states were given a wide margin of appreciation in determining who was eligible for CDA and how much they received. The result was that the benefits of one State could be five or six times higher than those of another State. In 1939, Congress passed a bill that gave widows with children the right to social security benefits if their husbands had contributed to the system while working. For example, widows were increasingly inclined to rely on social security, while CDA gradually supported more divorced, abandoned, and never-married mothers. As a result, CDA has imposed a certain level of stigma that, unlike Social Security, is limited to low-income people.
Social rights consist of a set of rights guaranteed by ordinary legislation, social rights are fundamental and are affirmed by the national constitution and international human rights treaties. They are inspired by justice and are responsible for regulating people`s behavior within society, thus enabling the resolution of social conflicts that may arise in a particular place. It seeks ways to control and establish equality among individuals in a nation in order to protect social security. Social law evolved with the advent of the Renaissance, which gave rise to a new and revived idea of law to promote equality of relations between individuals in a society. Before that time, Roman law applied to all communities. When the modern state emerged, they appeared with different types of rights, including social law. SOCIAL LEGISLATION. Laws that seek to promote the common good, usually by protecting and supporting the weakest members of society, are considered social legislation. These laws include laws to support the unemployed, the infirm, the disabled and the elderly. The social welfare system consists of hundreds of state and federal programs of two general types. Some programs, including Social Security, Medicare, Unemployment Insurance, and Workers` Compensation, are called Social Security programs because they are designed to protect citizens from hardship due to age, unemployment, or injury.
Because people who receive benefits from these programs have generally contributed to their benefits by paying payroll taxes in the years they have worked, these Social Security programs are generally considered deserved rewards for work. Second-type programs, often referred to cumulatively as the welfare system, provide government support to those who are already poor. These social programs have maximum income requirements and include assistance for families with dependent children, the food stamp program, Medicaid and supplementary security insurance. This is important because it emphasizes equality between men and women in terms of the law, since all individuals can enjoy the same rights, regardless of their ethnic origin, social class, language, religion, skin color, type of work, education, disabilities, etc. It makes it clear that everyone has the right to the services that the State can provide and therefore defines the laws and guidelines to be followed to achieve this. Early in his presidency, Lyndon B. Johnson introduced an ambitious social legislation program called the Great Society, which turned out to be the largest expansion of the federal government in the United States since the Great Depression. Unlike the New Deal, which was a response to difficult economic times, the Great Society`s programs were adopted at a time of prosperity. During the Johnson years, Congress passed three major civil rights laws. The 1964 law prohibited discrimination in the workplace and segregation of public housing, the 1965 law guaranteed the right of blacks to vote, and a third law of 1968 prohibited discrimination in the housing market. It is the kind of social right that guarantees people, regardless of age or ability, the means they need to obtain basic services.
It consists of the principles of integrity (social security, which covers the loss of means of subsistence), flexibility (flexible retirement age depending on the work performed) and non-discrimination (social security must be for all without discrimination of any kind, i.e. gender, ethnic origin, health, sexuality, language, religion, etc.). Social law is the field of law based on principles and various norms, the main objective of which is to protect, monitor and establish the behaviour and attitudes of individuals and to ensure equality within social classes. It includes agrarian laws that regulate and exploit agricultural land and is one of the most important branches of social law as it offers protection to workers who own land. The period of the greatest activity in the field of social legislation took place during President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s New Deal. The Great Depression, which began with the collapse of the stock market in 1929 and continued until the late 1930s, caused widespread poverty and economic hardship. Millions of Americans have lost their jobs and businesses have failed. There were no effective state or federal programs to help the many Americans who needed help.
An elderly California physician named Dr. Francis E. Townsend gained great fame by proposing a retirement pension system to be administered by the federal government. The Roosevelt administration responded to public pressure for such a program, and in 1935, Congress passed the Social Security Act, the centerpiece of the U.S. welfare system. For most of the nineteenth century, social problems that were too important to family members or private charities fell under the jurisdiction of the local government, consisting of the city, town or county, rather than the more distant national government. The power of the local government to enact social laws was based on the power of the state to restrict individual freedom and property for the benefit of the common good. Later, as local governments remained involved, states began to assume some of the obligation to care for some of their citizens. Beginning in the late 1820s, a number of states established institutions for the mentally ill. A series of studies by reformer Dorothea Dix played an important role in drawing the attention of state legislators to the plight of the mentally ill. Later in the nineteenth century, state and local governments created other specialized institutions for dependent people, such as homes for.
B the blind or mentally retarded. As the United States urbanized and industrialized in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it experienced new problems caused by rapid social, economic, and cultural changes. The rise of big cities and large-scale corporate capitalism have strained the ability of local communities to cope with an ever-increasing number of impoverished citizens or people with special needs. Despite changing social circumstances, many Americans continued to support the traditional idea that public support would make beneficiary groups dependent on the government. However, as the size of the immigrant population and industrial workers in urban areas exploded, a group of reformers known as progressives began working to ensure that the government, rather than private charities, offered the best hope of solving society`s problems. .